Corporate author : International Scientific Committee for the drafting of a General History of Africa Person as author : Ki-Zerbo, Joseph [editor] Ensuring that World Heritage sites sustain their outstanding universal value is an increasingly challenging mission in todays complex world, where sites are vulnerable to the effects of uncontrolled urban development, unsustainable tourism practices, neglect, natural calamities, pollution, political instability, and conflict. Wouda Steam Pumping Station), Droogmakerij de Beemster (Beemster Polder), Rietveld Schrderhuis (Rietveld Schrder House), Seventeenth-Century Canal Ring Area of Amsterdam inside the Singelgracht, West Norwegian Fjords Geirangerfjord and Nryfjord, Archaeological Sites of Bat, Al-Khutm and Al-Ayn, Buddhist Ruins of Takht-i-Bahi and Neighbouring City Remains at Sahr-i-Bahlol, Birthplace of Jesus: Church of the Nativity and the Pilgrimage Route, Bethlehem, Palestine: Land of Olives and Vines Cultural Landscape of Southern Jerusalem, Battir, Fortifications on the Caribbean Side of Panama: Portobelo-San Lorenzo, Archaeological Site of Panam Viejo and Historic District of Panam, Coiba National Park and its Special Zone of Marine Protection, Jesuit Missions of La Santsima Trinidad de Paran and Jess de Tavarangue, Historical Centre of the City of Arequipa, Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras, Puerto-Princesa Subterranean River National Park, Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary, Kalwaria Zebrzydowska: the Mannerist Architectural and Park Landscape Complex and Pilgrimage Park, Tarnowskie Gry Lead-Silver-Zinc Mine and its Underground Water Management System, Krzemionki Prehistoric Striped Flint Mining Region, Central Zone of the Town of Angra do Heroismo in the Azores, Monastery of the Hieronymites and Tower of Belm in Lisbon, Historic Centre of Oporto, Luiz I Bridge and Monastery of Serra do Pilar, Prehistoric Rock Art Sites in the Ca Valley and Siega Verde, Landscape of the Pico Island Vineyard Culture, Garrison Border Town of Elvas and its Fortifications, Haeinsa Temple Janggyeong Panjeon, the Depositories for the, Historic Villages of Korea: Hahoe and Yangdong, Sansa, Buddhist Mountain Monasteries in Korea, Villages with Fortified Churches in Transylvania, Dacian Fortresses of the Orastie Mountains, Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments, Cultural and Historic Ensemble of the Solovetsky Islands, Historic Monuments of Novgorod and Surroundings, Architectural Ensemble of the Trinity Sergius Lavra in Sergiev Posad, Historic and Architectural Complex of the Kazan Kremlin, Citadel, Ancient City and Fortress Buildings of Derbent, Historical Centre of the City of Yaroslavl, Bolgar Historical and Archaeological Complex, Assumption Cathedral and Monastery of the town-island of Sviyazhsk, Churches of the Pskov School of Architecture, Petroglyphs of Lake Onega and the White Sea, San Marino Historic Centre and Mount Titano, Hegra Archaeological Site (al-Hijr / Mad in li), Rock Art in the Hail Region of Saudi Arabia, Al-Ahsa Oasis, an Evolving Cultural Landscape, Bassari Country: Bassari, Fula and Bedik Cultural Landscapes, Historic Town of Bansk tiavnica and the Technical Monuments in its Vicinity, Levoa, Spisk Hrad and the Associated Cultural Monuments, Wooden Churches of the Slovak part of the Carpathian Mountain Area, The works of Joe Plenik in Ljubljana Human Centred Urban Design, Richtersveld Cultural and Botanical Landscape, Alhambra, Generalife and Albayzn, Granada, Monastery and Site of the Escurial, Madrid, Cave of Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain, Monuments of Oviedo and the Kingdom of the Asturias, Old Town of vila with its Extra-Muros Churches, Cathedral, Alczar and Archivo de Indias in Seville, Royal Monastery of Santa Mara de Guadalupe, Palau de la Msica Catalana and Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Rock Art of the Mediterranean Basin on the Iberian Peninsula, University and Historic Precinct of Alcal de Henares, Catalan Romanesque Churches of the Vall de Bo, Renaissance Monumental Ensembles of beda and Baeza, Cultural Landscape of the Serra de Tramuntana, Risco Caido and the Sacred Mountains of Gran Canaria Cultural Landscape, Paseo del Prado and Buen Retiro, a landscape of Arts and Sciences, Gebel Barkal and the Sites of the Napatan Region, Archaeological Sites of the Island of Meroe, Sanganeb Marine National Park and Dungonab Bay Mukkawar Island Marine National Park, Mining Area of the Great Copper Mountain in Falun, Benedictine Convent of St John at Mstair, Three Castles, Defensive Wall and Ramparts of the Market-Town of Bellinzona, La Chaux-de-Fonds / Le Locle, Watchmaking Town Planning, Crac des Chevaliers and Qalat Salah El-Din, Tajik National Park (Mountains of the Pamirs), Historic Town of Sukhothai and Associated Historic Towns, Thungyai-Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuaries, Punic Town of Kerkuane and its Necropolis, Greme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia, Bursa and Cumalkzk: the Birth of the Ottoman Empire, Pergamon and its Multi-Layered Cultural Landscape, Diyarbakr Fortress and Hevsel Gardens Cultural Landscape, State Historical and Cultural Park Ancient Merv, Kyiv: Saint-Sophia Cathedral and Related Monastic Buildings, Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra, L'viv the Ensemble of the Historic Centre, Residence of Bukovinian and Dalmatian Metropolitans, Ancient City of Tauric Chersonese and its Chora, Cultural Sites of Al Ain (Hafit, Hili, Bidaa Bint Saud and Oases Areas), United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Castles and Town Walls of King Edward in Gwynedd, Studley Royal Park including the Ruins of Fountains Abbey, Palace of Westminster and Westminster Abbey including Saint Margarets Church, Canterbury Cathedral, St Augustine's Abbey, and St Martin's Church, Historic Town of St George and Related Fortifications, Bermuda, Ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara, La Fortaleza and San Juan National Historic Site in Puerto Rico, Monticello and the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, The 20th-Century Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright, Historic Quarter of the City of Colonia del Sacramento, The work of engineer Eladio Dieste: Church of Atlntida, Central Sector of the Imperial Citadel of Thang Long - Hanoi, Landmarks of the Ancient Kingdom of Saba, Marib, Mana Pools National Park, Sapi and Chewore Safari Areas. The management of the property is coordinated by Ente Parco dell Etna, established as the managing authority of Etna Park by Decree of the President of the Sicilian Regional Authority in May 1987, working in close cooperation with the Regional Authority of State Forests and the Regional Corps of Forest Rangers (Corpo Forestale). It is an extensive area of rolling hills on the high plateau, where massive granite outcrops and boulders form spectacular inselbergs and kopjes. have stated that the Ellora caves had three important building periods: an early Hindu period (~550 to 600 CE), a Buddhist phase (~600 to 730 CE) and a later Hindu and Jain phase (~730 to 950 CE). [8], Caves 11 and 12 are three-storied Mahayana monastery caves with idols, mandalas carved into the walls, and numerous goddesses, and Bodhisattva-related iconography, belonging to Vajrayana Buddhism. Natural hazards resulting from the volcanic activity of the property will always pose a risk to certain features and facilities of the park and beyond. , , 100 . [15] The later Hindu caves and early Jain caves were built by the Rashtrakuta dynasty, while the last Jain caves were built by the Yadava dynasty, which had also sponsored other Jain cave temples. Which beaches are located in the northern hemisphere. Eleven out of the twelve Buddhist caves consist of viharas,[61] or monasteries with prayer halls: large, multi-storeyed buildings carved into the mountain face, including living quarters, sleeping quarters, kitchens, and other rooms. [84], The Chhota Kailasha, or the little Kailasha, is so named due to the similarity of the carvings to those in the Kailasha temple. Extension of the "Australian East Coast Temperate and Subtropical Rainforest Park". from. Individual areas of the Dolomites UNESCO World Heritage Site. Comprised of a National Park and a National Reserve it has a total surface area of 600,000 hectares. De eruptieve geschiedenis van de vulkaan kan tot 500.000 jaar worden teruggevoerd en ten minste 2.700 jaar van deze activiteit is gedocumenteerd. This overlap in disparate designs between Buddhist and Hindu caves may be due to the sites being worked on by the same architects and workers, or perhaps a planned Buddhist cave was adapted into a Hindu monument. is one foot island in the southern hemisphere Work first commenced, in order, on Caves 28, 27 and 19 then Caves 29 and 21, which were excavated concurrently with Caves 20 and 26. In addition, nine Natura 2000 sites overlap the property to various degrees, providing additional protection for 77% of the area under European legislation. [101] The Parshvanatha in the cave is paired with a standing Gommateshvara,[102] and accompanied by other carvings showing musicians playing a variety of instruments such as horns, drums, conchs, trumpets, and cymbals. , , . World Heritage partnerships for conservation. The work plan of this body would include the development and implementation of integrated conservation, restoration, and maintenance programmes. The placement of the lotus on the cave rather than a sculpture symbolizes that the temple is a divine place. Organized recreational activities such as mountain biking and horse / donkey riding require advance authorisation. They, and the later-era Hindu caves, were built at a similar time and both share architectural and devotional ideas such as a pillared veranda, symmetric mandapa and puja (worship). Kakadu National Park, one of the first sites in Oceania to be inscribed as a World Heritage Site A World Heritage Site is a location that is listed by UNESCO as having outstanding cultural or natural value to the common heritage of humanity. The World Heritage Centre is at the forefront of the international communitys efforts to protect and preserve. It was formerly the capital of the. [53][54], According to Geri Malandra, all the Buddhist caves at Ellora were an intrusion in a place that was already an established Brahmanical Tirtha (Hindu pilgrimage site), and not the other way around. These tourism zones include accommodation (hotels, huts), car parks, restaurants, cafes, a cableway, chair and drag lifts for ski tourism, information points, and ticket kiosks for guided drives, hikes and horse/donkey safaris. The number one attraction at this UNESCO site has to be Cape Town's Kirstenbosch National Botanical Gardens. Rajan, for example, has proposed that Cave 30 May have originally been a Hindu monument that was later converted into a Jain temple. [10] The older form of the name has been found in ancient references such as the Baroda inscription of 812 CE which mentions "the greatness of this edifice" and that "this great edifice was built on a hill by Krishnaraja at Elapura, the edifice in the inscription being the Kailasa temple. [80] Cave 34 is a small cave, which can be accessed through an opening in the left side of Cave 33. In the novel, Feluda travels to the Ellora caves to uncover a smuggling racket involving illegal trade of historical artifacts from Indian temples, including the largest cave at Ellora, the Kailasa Temple. [40] It is modeled along similar lines to other Hindu temples with a gateway, an assembly hall, a multi-storey main temple surrounded by numerous shrines laid out according to the square principle,[41] an integrated space for circumambulation, a garbha-grihya (sanctum sanctorum) wherein resides the linga-yoni, and a spire-shaped like Mount Kailash all carved from one rock. [2][6] All of the Ellora monuments were built during the Rashtrakuta dynasty (r. 753-982 CE), which constructed part of the Hindu and Buddhist caves, and the Yadava dynasty (c.11871317), which constructed a number of the Jain caves. In addition, within the site sediments, there is considerable information pertaining to the paleo-environment. The city was built on a terrace, pierced from east to west by the Wadi Ms (the Valley of Moses)one of the places where, according to tradition, the Israelite leader Moses struck a rock and water gushed forth. It is against this background that serious consideration is being given to the creation of an independent foundation, under royal patronage and with representatives from government, academic, voluntary, and business institutions, to work with the General Directorate of Cultural Heritage of Galicia. It has been called the world's hottest hotspot for plant diversity and is one of only six principal floristic regions on the planet. 4,5 . People have found shelter in these rocky places since time immemorial, leaving a legacy of rock art that is thought to date back as long as 13,000 years. Local communities in this hostile environment respect Tsodilo as a place of worship frequented by ancestral spirits. The considerable archaeological evidence is generally well preserved. According to the UNESCO website, there are 150+ heritagesites that are located in the countries in the southern hemisphere. [4] They were built close to one another and illustrate the religious harmony that existed in ancient India. It is estimated that 689,000 square miles of land area in South America lie in the Northern Hemisphere. which of the following statements is true about cooperatives? The various levels of Cave 10 also feature idols of male and female deities, such as Maitreya, Tara, Avalokitesvara (Vajradhamma), Manjusri, Bhrkuti, and Mahamayuri, carved in the Pala dynasty style found in eastern regions of India. [113] According to Jos Pereira, there is evidence that work in the Jain caves at Ellora had flourished under Singhana, who ruled the Yadava dynasty between ~1200 and 1247 CE, and these caves were in use by Jain visitors and worshippers into the 13th century. [29] Early Hindu temple building in the cave centred around the "Vale Ganga", a natural waterfall that was integrated into the monument. Today Mount Etna is one of the best-studied and monitored volcanoes in the world, and continues to influence volcanology, geophysics and other earth science disciplines. The list was developed by UNESCO, and while the U.S. withdrew from the U . The eruptive history of the volcano can be traced back 500,000 years and at least 2,700 years of this activity has been documented. The Parco dellEtna (Etna Park) was established as a Regional Nature Park by Decree of the President of the Sicilian Regional Authority in May 1987. In this list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in South America, 3 are added to the World Heritage Sites in Danger. [35], The cave is laid out symmetrically according to the mandapa square principle and has embedded geometric patterns repeated throughout the cave. Photograph by Sam Abell. [citation needed]. The hall has two heavy square pillars in front, four in the middle area, and a pillared interior square principal hall with fluted shafts, all intricately carved with capitals, ridges and brackets. It is home to a large number of significant cultural and natural features, including some of the world's oldest Aboriginal art. It is a cultural UNESCO World Heritage Site in Germany that was inscribed in 1996. Los Glaciares owes its name to the numerous glaciers covering roughly half of the World Heritage property. The World Heritage Centre is at the forefront of the international communitys efforts to protect and preserve. The famous Bengali filmmaker (and author) Satyajit Ray wrote the crime thriller novel Kailashey Kelenkari in 1974, featuring fictional detective Feluda. 1. Strengthened park visitor facilities are needed, taking into account best practice and lessons learned at other comparable World Heritage properties. . Criterion (i):For many thousands of years the rocky outcrops of Tsodilo in the harsh landscape of the Kalahari Desert have been visited and settled by humans, who have left rich traces of their presence in the form of outstanding rock art. La Grand, Palace, Belgium Mount Fuji City of Potosi Stoclet House n/a Which UNESCO Heritage Site is this? The castle complex consists of 83 buildings that are known for their defense system and protection devices that were considered advanced during the Shogun period. Notable among the Buddhist caves is Cave 10, a chaitya worship hall called the 'Vishvakarma cave', built around 650 CE. The "Burgess Shale" property, which was previously inscribed on the World Heritage List, is part of the "Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks". Its origins date to 1333, when Akamatsu Norimura built a fort on top of Himeyama hill. Inside the major idols are of Parshvanatha and Mahavira, the last two Tirthankaras in Jainism. Criterion (vi):The Tsodilo outcrops have immense symbolic and religious significance for the human communities who continue to survive in this hostile environment. Located in the northwestern part of Washington, United States, Skagit Valley is famous for its stunning natural landscapes, fertile farmland, and springtime wildflowers bloom. OUR PLACE The World Heritage Collection, The Ngamiland District, north-west [44], The structure is a freestanding, multi-level temple complex covering an area twice the size of the Parthenon in Athens. 19th-century historians confused the Jain Yaksas for alternate images of Indra that were found in Buddhist and Hindu artworks, thus leading to the temple being given the misnomer "Indra Sabha". Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0, (Kalahari Desert)10450010. The property was the capital of the Torwa . In fact, it is so important that it is listed among France's National Monuments. Los Glaciares National Park is located in the Southwest of Santa Cruz Province in the Argentine part of Patagonia. The archaeological record of the area gives a chronological account of human activities and environmental changes over at least 100,000 years. [108] It is mistakenly referred to by the 10th-century Baghdad resident Al-Masudi as "Aladra", site of a great temple, a place of Indian pilgrimage and one with thousands of cells where devotees live;[109] in 1352 CE, the records of Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah mention him camping at the site. Mount Etna - UNESCO World Heritage Centre The List Mount Etna Mount Etna Mount Etna is an iconic site encompassing 19,237 uninhabited hectares on the highest part of Mount Etna, on the eastern coast of Sicily. Carvings depicting Parvati and Shiva at leisure, Parvati's wedding to Shiva, Shiva dancing and Kartikeya (Skanda) have been found in other caves. World Heritage partnerships for conservation. The property has no permanent population, is free of roads, and its use restricted to research and recreation. Mustaid Khan, a courtier of Aurangzeb, stated that people visited the area in all seasons but especially during the monsoon. [68] On either side of the upper level are pillared porticos with small rooms in their back walls. Construction in the early Hindu caves commenced before any of the Buddhist or Jain caves. The volcano , Mount Etna, is located in the island of Sicily, in the country of Italy. In some of these caves, sculptors have endeavoured to give the stone the look of wood. [74] However, unlike the Hindu temples, emphasis is placed on the depiction of the twenty-four Jinas (spiritual conquerors who have gained liberation from the endless cycle of rebirths). World Heritage partnerships for conservation. [104], On the hill to the northeast of the main complex of caves is a Jain temple containing a 16-foot (4.9m) rock-carved image of Lord Parshvanath from the Rashtrakuta period with an inscription dated 1234 A.D. Desecrated statues in a Hindu Cave (left) and a Buddhist Cave. De heuvels van Tsodilo liggen in het noordwesten van Botswana in de buurt van de grens met Namibi en boden mensen meer dan 100.000 jaar onderdak en andere middelen. [94], As with many caves in Ellora, numerous carvings adorn the temple, such as those of the lotus flower on the ceiling. [3][11], It is also thought to be derived from Ilvalapuram, named after the asura Ilvala who ruled this region who was vanquished by Sage Agastya.[12]. De diverse en toegankelijke kraters, sintelkegels, lavastromen en de Valle de Bove kloof maken de berg Etna een goede plek voor onderzoek en onderwijs. [8] Caves 1 through 9 are all monasteries while Cave 10, the Vvakarm Cave, is a major Buddhist prayer hall. The resulting vertical face made access to many layers of rock formations easier, enabling architects to pick basalt with finer grains for more detailed sculpting. Mount Etna is renowned for its exceptional level of volcanic activity, and the documentation of its activity over at least 2,700 years. [15][16] Geri Hockfield Malandra and other scholars[who?] Declared a National Monument in 1927, the responsibility for looking after Tsodilo Hills rests with the Department of National Museum and Monuments in collaboration with the Tsodilo Management Authority, an independent advisory group comprising the Tsodilo Community Trust, community based organizations, NGOs and selected critical government based Departments. Protections by other conservation instruments, Tsodilo The cave was completed prior to the ascension of Rashtrakuta dynasty which went on to expand the caves at Ellora[3], Although the cave features similar works to those in other Ellora caves, it also has a number of unique pieces, such as those depicting the story of goddess Parvati's pursuit of Shiva. At the time the property was extended, cultural criterion (iv) was also found applicable. [87], The overlap between Jain and Hindu mythologies has caused confusion, given Book Three of the Hindu Mahabharata describes Indra's abode as one filled with a variety of heroes, courtesans, and artisans, within a paradise-like setting. The South American nations north of the Equator include; Colombia, Guyana, Venezuela, Suriname, and French Guiana. The local communities revere Tsodilo as a place of worship and as a home for ancestral spirits. Located in north-west Botswana near the Namibian Border in Okavango Sub-District, the Tsodilo Hills are a small area of massive quartzite rock formations that rise from ancient sand dunes to the east and a dry fossil lake bed to the west in the Kalahari Desert. De archeologische vondsten van het gebied geven een chronologisch verslag van de menselijke activiteiten en milieuveranderingen gedurende deze lange periode. Woudagemaal (D.F. Climate change has the potential to increase the risk of forest fires in the region and impact the species and communities on Mount Etna. Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0. This approach ensures their continued evolvement in line with traditional protection systems. Our Partners Here is the list of 152UNESCO sites located in the southern hemisphere: Question: Which UNESCO sites are located in the countries in the southern hemisphere? The authenticity of the rock art in terms of materials, techniques, setting and workmanship is impeccable and, other than some impact caused by natural deterioration and visitors, it remains as original as the time of its creation. Located in north-west Botswana near the Namibian Border in Okavango Sub-District, the Tsodilo Hills are a small area of massive quartzite rock formations that rise from ancient sand dunes to the east and a dry fossil lake bed to the west in the Kalahari Desert. Nor is there a technical unit specifically responsible for the conservation and restoration of the walls. Take advantage of the search to browse through the World Heritage Centre information. - Which UNESCO site is located in the southern hemisphere? Caribbean UNESCO World Heritage Sites. [75] In addition to these Jinas, the works at the Jain temples include carvings of gods and goddesses, yaksa (male nature deity), yaksi (female nature deity) and human devotees prevalent in Jain mythology of 1st millennium CE. Often large and imposing rock paintings exist in the shelters and caves, and although not accurately dated appear to span from the Stone Age right through to the 19th century. [61][62] The earliest Buddhist cave is Cave 6, then 5, 2, 3, 5 (right wing), 4, 7, 8, 10 and 9,[60] with caves 11 and 12, also known as Do Thal and Tin Thal respectively, being the last.[63]. [3] These consist of 17 Hindu (caves 1329), 12 Buddhist (caves 112) and 5 Jain (caves 3034) caves,[4][5] each group representing deities and mythologies prevalent in the 1st millennium CE, as well as monasteries of each respective religion. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. The well-preserved image is flanked by Dharaendra and Padmavati. Why it's UNESCO-worthy: Canada (Kluane and Tatshenshini-Alsek) and the United States (Wrangell-St. Elias and Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve) share the sit, which is recognized for having. The front of the prayer hall is a rock-cut court entered via a flight of steps. Le volcan abrite dimportants cosystmes, y compris une flore et une faune endmiques uniques. All excavations are controlled in accordance with the national legislation. Other records were written by Firishta, Thevenot (163367), Niccolao Manucci (16531708), Charles Warre Malet (1794), and Seely (1824). In contrast, 56.6% of the buffer zone is privately owned. Except for possible maintenance of the observatory, no construction projects are permitted or planned within the property. [30][25] The waterfall is visible from a rock carved balcony to the south and has been described as "falling over great Shiva's brow", particularly during monsoon season. To ensure the conservation of all the site attributes, in 1997, a revised Integrated Management Plan was developed and approved by stakeholders. Location and Values: The Khami Ruins are located on the west bank of the Khami river, about 10 km west of Bulawayo in southern Zimbabwe. Which UNESCO sites are located in the southern hemisphere? This was followed in 1997 by the Special Plan for the Protection and Internal Reform of the Fortified Enceinte of the Town of Lugo, which is concerned principally with the urban environment of the historic town. . Despite these increased visits, there have been limited reports of vandalism and graffiti due to the compulsive guided tour regulations put in place. The Indra panels at the entrance also feature other deities, celestials, musicians and dancers. ( sorted by country) Ref The location of the Galapagos Islands on the eastern Pacific Ocean means that the closest landmass is the mainland Ecuador (to which it is a part of). However, Jain religious activity ceased after the region came under Islamic rule in the late 13th century. [56] Other reliefs in Cave 15 include the Gangadhara, marriage of Shiva and Parvati, Tripurantika of Shakti tradition, Markendeya, Garuda, aspects of life, Nandi in mandapa, dancing Shiva, Andhakasura, Govardhanadhari, Gajendravarada and others. Our Partners [38][39], The Kailasha temple, inspired by Mount Kailasha, is dedicated to Shiva. A copper plate inscription found in Baroda, Gujarat, states that a great edifice was built on a hill by Krishnaraja at Elapura (Ellora):[119], was caused to be constructed a temple on the hill at Elapura, of wonderful structure, on seeing which the best of immortals who move in celestial cars, struck with astonishment, say "This temple of Shiva is self-existent; in a thing made by art such beauty is not seen (). [19][20][21], The Hindu caves were constructed during the Kalachuris period, from the mid-6th century to the end of the 8th century in two phases. Today, the Ellora Caves, along with the nearby Ajanta Caves, are a major tourist attraction in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra and a protected monument under the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). WebGL must be enable, Declaration of principles to promote international solidarity and cooperation to preserve World Heritage, Heritage Solutions for Sustainable Futures, Recommendation on the Historic Urban Landscape, Central Africa World Heritage Forest Initiative (CAWHFI), Reducing Disasters Risks at World Heritage Properties, World Heritage and Sustainable Development, World Heritage Programme for Small Island Developing States (SIDS), Initiative on Heritage of Religious Interest. Archaeological record of the upper level are pillared porticos with small rooms in their back walls are monasteries! 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